Private Ownership and the Development of Transport Systems: Cross-Country Evidence from the Diffusion of Railroads in the 19 Century
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تعادل بخشی بین حقوق مالکانه و منافع عمومی در اقدامات نوسازانه شهری (از تعارض منافع تا تعادل حقوق در قوانین سلب و تامین حقوق مالکانه)
Urban development plans define the process of planning for urban improvement based on both Islamic regulations and substantial principals of urbanism. The rights of private ownership are basically emphasized in Iranian constitution. Attempts of urban redevelopment plans are inherently in contrast with the private rights of ownership. Rules and regulations governing the urban systems are con...
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One theory argues that state ownership of infrastructure is greater in poor countries because the social returns from investment exceed the private returns by a wider margin. Another theory argues that state ownership is greater when legal and political institutions provide weak enforcement of private property rights or weak limits on government excess. I test these theories using cross-country...
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The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), in response to the recent financial crisis, has developed new stability rules aimed at preventing financial crises in the future. This paper uses the new Liquidity Ratio (LCR) and attempts to determine the impact of this ratio on the stability of the banking system. The objective of the LCR is to promote the short-term resilience of the liquidi...
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Introduction: Evaluation of pharmaceutical systems performance is an essential prerequisite for promoting evidence-based policy-making, improvement in health system performance. This study attempts to evaluate the performance of Iran pharmaceutical system based on the world health organization (WHO)'s indicators, including access, quality, and rational use of medicines. Methods: In this c...
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Managers engage in income smoothing either to communicate private information about future earnings to investors (informativeness hypothesis) or to distort financial performance for opportunistic purposes (opportunism hypothesis). Business cycles and the monitoring role of institutional ownership may affect the earnings informativeness of income smoothing. The purpose of this research is to exa...
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تاریخ انتشار 2006